Zosiyanasiyana za magalasi owoneka bwino agalasi loyang'ana magalasi

Kukulitsa ndi chiyaniMagalasi agalasi?

Ndi magalasi okulitsa opangidwa ndi magalasi agalasi, monga Green glass, Optical glass lens, K9, ndi zina zotero.zinthu zamagalasi owoneka ndizokhazikika komanso zolozera zakuthupi ndizochepa.Sichidzakalamba mosavuta pakugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali ndipo pamwamba ndi chosavuta kuchiza, nthawi yomweyo, chokulitsa magalasi chimathanso kuthandizidwa bwino kwambiri, chomwe chimatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zambiri, kutumizirana kwakukulu, anti infrared ndi ultraviolet, etc.

Galasi lomwe poyamba linkagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalasi ndi mabampu a pagalasi wamba kapena mabotolo a vinyo.Maonekedwewo ndi ofanana ndi "korona", komwe dzina la galasi la korona kapena galasi la mbale ya korona limachokera.Panthawiyo, galasilo linali losiyana komanso lopanda thovu.Kuphatikiza pa galasi la korona, pali mtundu wina wagalasi lamwala lomwe lili ndi kutsogolera kwakukulu.Cha m'ma 1790, Pierre Louis junnard, Mfalansa, adapeza kuti msuzi wagalasi ukhoza kupanga galasi lokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana.Mu 1884, Ernst Abbe ndi Otto Schott wa ku Zeiss anakhazikitsa Schott glaswerke Ag ku Jena, Germany, ndipo anapanga magalasi ambiri openya mkati mwa zaka zingapo.Pakati pawo, kupangidwa kwa galasi la barium korona yokhala ndi index yayikulu ya refractive ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira za fakitale ya galasi ya Schott.

Chigawo:

Kuwala galasi ndi wothira oxides wa mkulu-chiyero pakachitsulo, boron, sodium, potaziyamu, nthaka, kutsogolera, magnesium, calcium, barium, etc. malinga ndi chilinganizo chapadera, anasungunuka pa kutentha mu platinamu crucible, analimbikitsa wogawana ndi akupanga yoweyula. kuchotsa thovu;Kenaka muziziziritsa pang'onopang'ono kwa nthawi yaitali kuti mupewe kupsinjika kwa mkati mu chipika cha galasi.Chotchinga chagalasi chozizira chiyenera kuyezedwa ndi zida zowunikira kuti muwone ngati chiyero, kuwonekera, kufanana, index ya refractive ndi index ya dispersion ikukwaniritsa zofunikira.Magalasi oyenerera amatenthedwa ndikupangidwa kuti apange mluza wowoneka bwino.

Gulu:

Magalasi okhala ndi mankhwala ofanana ndi mawonekedwe a kuwala amagawidwanso m'malo oyandikana nawo pazithunzi za abet.Abettu wa fakitale ya galasi ya Schott ali ndi mizere yowongoka ndi ma curve, omwe amagawaniza abettu m'madera ambiri ndikuyika galasi la kuwala;Mwachitsanzo, galasi la korona K5, K7 ndi K10 ali mu zone K, ndipo galasi lamwala F2, F4 ndi F5 ali m'chigawo F. Zizindikiro m'magalasi mayina: F amaimira mwala, K ndi mbale ya korona, B ndi boron, ba barium. , LA ya lanthanum, n yopanda lead ndi P ya phosphorous.
Kwa magalasi agalasi, kukula kwa mawonekedwe, kukulirakulira kwa chithunzicho, komanso kutha kusiyanitsa tsatanetsatane wa chinthucho.Kuyandikira pafupi ndi chinthu kumatha kukulitsa mbali yowonera, koma kumachepetsedwa ndi luso lolunjika la diso.Pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lokulitsa kuti likhale pafupi ndi diso, ndikuyika chinthucho mkati mwake kuti chipange chithunzithunzi chowongoka.
Ntchito ya galasi lokulitsa ndikukulitsa mbali yowonera.M’mbiri yakale, amati kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi okulirapo kunaperekedwa ndi grostest, bishopu wa ku England m’zaka za zana la 13.

Magalasi agalasi amalimbana kwambiri ndi magalasi ena, koma kulemera kwake ndi kolemetsa, ndipo index yake yowoneka bwino ndiyokwera kwambiri: filimu wamba ndi 1.523, filimu yowonda kwambiri kuposa 1.72, mpaka 2.0.

Zopangira zazikulu zamagalasi agalasi ndi galasi la kuwala.Refractive index yake ndi yapamwamba kuposa ya resin lens, kotero pansi pa digiri yomweyi, magalasi agalasi amakhala ochepa kuposa ma lens a resin.Magalasi agalasi amakhala ndi ma transmittance abwino komanso makina ndi mankhwala, index refractive yokhazikika komanso mawonekedwe okhazikika athupi ndi mankhwala.Magalasi opanda mtundu amatchedwa optical white tray (filimu yoyera), ndipo filimu yapinki mufilimu yachikuda imatchedwa croxay lens (filimu yofiira).Magalasi a Croxay amatha kuyamwa cheza cha ultraviolet ndikuyamwa pang'ono kuwala kwamphamvu.

Pepala lagalasi lili ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri, siwosavuta kukanda, komanso lili ndi index yotsika kwambiri.Kukwera kwa refractive index, lens imachepa.Koma galasi ndi losalimba ndipo zinthu zake ndi zolemera kwambiri.

Ndi mandala ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokulitsa galasi?

Convex mandala
Galasi yokulirapo ndi mandala owoneka bwino omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti chinthu chiwoneke chachikulu kuposa momwe chilili.Izi zimagwira ntchito ngati chinthucho chayikidwa patali pang'ono kuposa kutalika kwake.

Ndikufuna galasi lokulitsa kukula kwanji?

Nthawi zambiri, chokulitsa cha 2-3X chopereka mawonekedwe okulirapo ndi bwino kusanthula zochitika monga kuwerenga, pomwe gawo laling'ono lolumikizidwa ndi kukulitsa kwapamwamba lingakhale loyenera kuyang'anira tinthu tating'onoting'ono.